• br Materials and methods Rat forebrains

  2022-04-12

  

  Materials and methods Rat forebrains were obtained from Sprague–Dawley rats at 2, 7, 14, 21, and 30–35 postnatal days and were homogenized in 1:5 volumes (w/v) of 0.32 M sucrose containing 1 mM EGTA, 1 mM EDTA, 1 μg/ml TPCK, 50 μM leupeptin, and 3 μM antipain with 10 strokes in a glass-teflon hom

• ep4 receptor The effect of exercise on plasma

  2022-04-12

  

  The effect of exercise on plasma ghrelin has previously been investigated mostly in humans using exercise regimens such as treadmill running, cycling, and rowing, and also in a few rodent studies and in some other animal models. While many of these clinical studies and some preclinical studies demon

• We have previously shown in the same

  2022-04-12

  

  We have previously shown in the same time frame reported here (10 min) that AG was not degraded into DAG [29] and that the half-life of AG in human serum is ∼10 min [49]. However, we cannot rule out in this study that there is not breakdown to DAG that could contribute to the levels of 125I-ghrelin

• By association a possible mechanism which may

  2022-04-12

  

  By association, a possible mechanism which may underlie the progression of seizures is long-term potentiation (LTP). Indeed, LTP shares many common mechanisms with seizures activity both anatomically and physiologically, and has been implicated as a mechanism of acute epileptogenesis (Wasterlain et

• br ACKNOWLEDGMENTS br Introduction Odorant receptors ORs are

  2022-04-12

  

  ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Introduction Odorant receptors (ORs) are the largest subfamily of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and are mainly expressed by olfactory sensory neurons in the nose for the detection of various odorants [1]. However, more recent reports suggest that ORs are also expressed an

• Thirteen multiparous German Holstein cows in their

  2022-04-12

  

  Thirteen multiparous German Holstein cows, in their second to fourth lactation, were selected from a previous study (Schäff et al., 2012) based on their individual peak in plasma BHB concentrations in wk 2 or 3 postpartum: high BHB (H-BHB; 1.05 to 2.57 mmol/L, mean 1.59 mmol/L; n = 8) and low BHB (L

• br What are the local exocytotic protein targets

  2022-04-11

  

  What are the local exocytotic protein targets of PKC? A direct method for PKC to potentiate insulin release would be to phosphorylate and activate components of the exocytotic machinery. Bulk measurements show that potentiation occurs by enhancement of the calcium sensitivity of exocytosis [56],

• Despite the importance of intratumor phenotypic heterogeneit

  2022-04-11

  

  Despite the importance of intratumor phenotypic heterogeneity for tumor progression and therapy resistance (Marusyk et al., 2012, Marusyk and Polyak, 2010), our understanding of regulators of this process and our ability to modulate them are very limited. Recent advances in genomic sequencing and si

• br Conclusion br Author contributions br Ethics

  2022-04-11

  

  Conclusion Author contributions Ethics approval Competing interests Introduction VHL is a well-known tumor suppressor and works as a target recruitment subunit of an E3 ubiquitin ligase complex that recruits hydroxylated hypoxia inducible factor α (HIF-α) for proteasomal degradation u

• The stability and function of the

  2022-04-11

  

  The stability and function of the HIF-1α protein are affected by many post-translational modifications (PTMs), including hydroxylation, acetylation, ubiquitination and SUMOylation [[29], [30], [31]]. It has been shown that HIF-1α stability is regulated by LSD1 [25]; in particular, the Set9 histone

• br Disp Mediated Hh Membrane Recycling Due to its

  2022-04-11

  

  Disp-Mediated Hh Membrane Recycling Due to its cholesterol modification, Drosophila Hh enriches on sphingolipid-rich apical membranes of polarized epithelial Bay 65-1942 HCl salt 33., 38., 39.. Genetic studies examining Hh release from wing imaginal disc epithelia suggest that Hh must be endocyto

• Of xenobiotic quinones thymoquinone methyl isopropyl benzoqu

  2022-04-11

  

  Of xenobiotic quinones, thymoquinone (2-methyl-5-isopropyl-1,4-benzoquinone; Fig. 1) is one of the most thoroughly studied for its pharmacological properties. It is the most active component of Nigella sativa, commonly called black cumin2, 3, the essential oil of the seeds of which are used for trea

• The endocannabinoid system ECS consists of cannabinoid CB an

  2022-04-11

  

  The endocannabinoid system (ECS) consists of cannabinoid (CB)1 and CB2 receptors, their endogenous ligands anandamide and 2-arachidonylglycerol, and the synthesizing and degrading enzymes for these ligands. Cannabinoids and the ECS are involved in the regulation of GI motility in physiological and p

• Acknowledgments This research was supported by

  2022-04-11

  

  Acknowledgments This research was supported by the Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning (KK1703-G00, KK1707-C05, SI1707-02, KK-1607-C09, and SKO1707C05) and a grant of the Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the Kor

• One clue to how evolution has solved such spatiotemporal cha

  2022-04-11

  

  One clue to how evolution has solved such spatiotemporal challenges comes from studies revealing that lymph node (LN) organization is more complex than originally presumed, suggesting that steady-state microanatomical features are crucial for effective immune responses (reviewed by Qi et al., 2014).

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